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Pioneer Work in Opening the Medical Profession to Women
Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States. She immigrated with her family to the United States from England in 1831. Around 1844, she set her sights on becoming a physician, and endured years of rejections from medical schools until 1847 when a school in Geneva, New York, accepted her—in part as a joke. Blackwell, however, graduated first in her class. In 1853, she established a dispensary for the poor, the New York Infirmary for Women, which also became a training hospital for women. -
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Homeopathic medicine chest, late 19th century
New York: Boericke Homeopathic Pharmacy. Wooden box with key, containing 61 glass bottles with labels and marked stoppers. -
Memorial de l'art des accouchemens, ou, Principes fondés sur la pratique de l'Hospice de la maternité de Paris et sur celle des plus célèbres praticiens nationaux et étrangers : suivis, 1° des aphorismes de Mauriceau; 2° d'une série de 140 gravures représtant le mécanisme de toutes les espèces d'accouchemens : ouvrage placé, par décision ministérielle, au rang des livres classiques à l'usage des élèves de l'Ecole d'accouchemens de Paris...
French midwife Marie Boivin is considered one of the first great modern practitioners of obstetrics and gynecology. Boivin began her studies at a nunnery in Étampes and later worked under accomplished midwife Marie-Louise Lachapelle. She invented a new speculum and wrote numerous treatises, including Memorial de l’art des accouchemens, first published in 1812. This manual was published in many editions and translated into several European languages. Boivin also translated medical works from English and directed numerous hospitals throughout her career. -
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Observations diuerses, sur la sterilité, perte de fruict, foecondite, accouchements, et maladies des femmes, et enfants nouueaux naiz
On the engraved title page of Louise Bourgeois Boursier’s Observations diuerses, babies abound and thanks are given to God. But it is the skill and lessons contained in this, the first book on obstetrics written by a woman, which we acknowledge. Louise Bourgeois turned to midwifery to support her family while her surgeon husband served in the army. In 1598 she received certification and passed the entrance examination to the midwives’ guild, eventually becoming midwife to the French court and to Marie de Medici, delivering all six of the Queen’s infants. Bourgeois attended over 2,000 deliveries of ordinary people as well as the aristocracy. -
Het begin en den ingang van alle menschen in de wereld, of, Aanmerkingen
Louise Bourgeois Boursier, midwife to the French court, attended over 2,000 deliveries, recording her methods and her observations. She helped to alleviate the pain, fear, and mortality of childbirth. Bourgeois wrote in French rather than Latin, enabling wider dissemination of her ideas. Her Observations diuerses was translated into Dutch, German, and English. This Dutch translation, with its delightful title page, was published almost one hundred years after the book’s first appearance in France. -
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The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America
The Puritan emigre Anne Bradstreet was America’s earliest English-language poet. Well-educated as a child, she married at sixteen and migrated to the colonies with her husband in 1630. Bradstreet owned a significant library of approximately eight hundred books that were lost to fire when her Andover house burned in 1666. Fortunately, the manuscript notebooks of her poetry survived the fire. This copy of the Tenth Muse is from the first edition of her first book, the only compilation of her poetry to appear during her lifetime.
I am obnoxious to each carping tongue
Who says my hand a needle better fits.
A poet’s pen all scorn I should thus wrong;
For such despite they cast on female wits,
If what I do prove well, it won’t advance—
They’ll say it was stolen, or else it was by chance. -
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The Changing Face of Duke
An article from the Spring 2014 issue of the Duke magazine detailing Asian Americans on campus
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