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Memorial de l'art des accouchemens, ou, Principes fondés sur la pratique de l'Hospice de la maternité de Paris et sur celle des plus célèbres praticiens nationaux et étrangers : suivis, 1° des aphorismes de Mauriceau; 2° d'une série de 140 gravures représtant le mécanisme de toutes les espèces d'accouchemens : ouvrage placé, par décision ministérielle, au rang des livres classiques à l'usage des élèves de l'Ecole d'accouchemens de Paris...
French midwife Marie Boivin is considered one of the first great modern practitioners of obstetrics and gynecology. Boivin began her studies at a nunnery in Étampes and later worked under accomplished midwife Marie-Louise Lachapelle. She invented a new speculum and wrote numerous treatises, including Memorial de l’art des accouchemens, first published in 1812. This manual was published in many editions and translated into several European languages. Boivin also translated medical works from English and directed numerous hospitals throughout her career. -
Abrégé de l'art des accouchemens
A descendant of pioneering midwife Louise Bourgeois Boursier, Marguerite Le Boursier du Coudray passed the tests to be admitted as a midwife of the city and faubourgs of Paris in 1740, after a three-year apprenticeship under Anne Bairsin. In 1759, King Louis XV chose her to travel throughout France to teach midwifery in an effort to decrease infant mortality. That same year, her De virorum organiz generationi inservientibus was published, a practical textbook intended to modernize and professionalize midwifery in France. This copy is signed by Du Coudray. -
Die königl. Preussische und Chur-Brandenb. Hof-Wehe-Mütter, das ist, Ein höchst nöthiger Unterricht von schweren und unrecht-stehenden Geburten in einem Gespräch vorgestellet: wie nemlich, durch göttlichen Beystand, eine wohlunterrichtete Wehe-Mutter mit Verstand und geschickter Hand dergleichen verhüten, oder wanns Noth ist, das Kind wenden könne; durch vieler Jahre Ubung selbst erfahren und wahr befunden: nun aber Gott zu Ehren und dem nechsten zu Nutz, auf gnädigst- und inständiges Verlangen durchläuchtigst- und vieler hohen Standes-Personen verbessert, mit einem Anhange heilsamer Arzney-Mittel, und mit denen dissfals erregten Controvers-Schriften vermehret
Her own false pregnancy led Silesian midwife Justina Siegemund to study female anatomy, teaching herself using Regnier de Graaf’s De virorum organis generationi inservientibus. For twelve years she served the poor women of her region, eventually taking on cases of upper-class women. Specializing in catastrophic deliveries, she was appointed Stadt Wehmutter (city midwife) of Liegnitz and named midwife to the Prussian royal family. She gained printing privileges from the Elector of Brandenburg to publish Hof-Wehe-Mütter (The Court Midwife). Her book was first published in Berlin in 1690, republished six times, and translated into Dutch. By the time of her death she had delivered over six thousand infants. -
Het begin en den ingang van alle menschen in de wereld, of, Aanmerkingen
Louise Bourgeois Boursier, midwife to the French court, attended over 2,000 deliveries, recording her methods and her observations. She helped to alleviate the pain, fear, and mortality of childbirth. Bourgeois wrote in French rather than Latin, enabling wider dissemination of her ideas. Her Observations diuerses was translated into Dutch, German, and English. This Dutch translation, with its delightful title page, was published almost one hundred years after the book’s first appearance in France. -
Observations diuerses, sur la sterilité, perte de fruict, foecondite, accouchements, et maladies des femmes, et enfants nouueaux naiz
On the engraved title page of Louise Bourgeois Boursier’s Observations diuerses, babies abound and thanks are given to God. But it is the skill and lessons contained in this, the first book on obstetrics written by a woman, which we acknowledge. Louise Bourgeois turned to midwifery to support her family while her surgeon husband served in the army. In 1598 she received certification and passed the entrance examination to the midwives’ guild, eventually becoming midwife to the French court and to Marie de Medici, delivering all six of the Queen’s infants. Bourgeois attended over 2,000 deliveries of ordinary people as well as the aristocracy.
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